I finally got an explanation I'm satisfied with. A shower releases water at 2.5gpm or so, whereas a tub can dump a tubful in a few minutes. So I thought the tub needed a bigger pipe. But, as crud builds up in the drain, the large release from the tub will scour the drain better than the shower would at its constant low flow rate. The shower needs the larger pipe because a) it doesn't scour as well, and thus b) may need to be snaked, and the larger pipe accommodates the snake better. Also, fwiw, in our area the tub can get along with a 1 1/2" trap, but requires a 2" drain downstream of the trap. Seems like a conflict, but wth.